Everything You Need to Know About MDF vs All-Wood

There is an ongoing debate surrounding MDF vs all wood construction. With an array of material options available for cabinetry, the choice between MDF (Medium-Density Fiberboard) and all wood can be a perplexing one. Both materials boast distinct advantages and limitations, making it crucial to weigh the pros and cons before committing to a decision.  

This comprehensive guide aims to provide the information you need to make an informed decision. 

Most cabinets are crafted with several different materials. For example, a cabinet could have an all MDF door attached to an all-wood box. Some cabinetmakers will tell you what material went into the box construction. However, most of the time, the specifications only mention the material in the door.   

Most brands sold by Waverly Cabinets will have all wood, high density fiberboard, or plywood box construction. The specifications will list the materials used to craft each part of the cabinet. These specifications are issued by the cabinetmaker. 

Look at the specifications for Greystone Shaker from Forevermark. The cabinet door is MDF, yet the box itself is solid wood. When you look at Gramercy White from Forevermark, the door frame is solid wood with an MDF center panel. This is the type of specifications that you can expect to find with brand name cabinets. 

Anything made from all natural, solid wood is custom made and expensive. Cabinet making has changed greatly since the invention of engineered materials. In fact, every cabinet that is bought from a brand name will have engineered materials somewhere in its construction. 

Deforestation impacted construction methods greatly during the late 1800s to early 1900s. In fact, 90% of forests in America, or 18 million acres (about the area of South Carolina), were harvested during that time. It left many industries with wood that was not suitable as building material. 

It led to a revolution in manufacturing methods that relied on engineered material. Instead of scrambling to find suitable wood, manufacturers could now create material at a fraction of the cost involved in harvesting good wood. Everything from furniture to buildings uses engineered materials in its construction now.  

Most people expect cabinet construction to be identical to the quality and standard that their great grandparents enjoyed. However, the material used in crafting antique cabinets is no longer available to modern day consumers. More importantly, the craftsmanship to handle the problems that can arise from all wood construction is at a premium.  

For homeowners with the time and money, purchasing all natural, solid wood cabinets is possible. The time and money involved make it a less desirable option for the average person. Alternative materials have been making a successful debut in the marketplace. From high density fiberboard to hemp or metal, people have been finding ways to bring natural beauty into their homes economically.  

From this point forward, we will be using the term all wood instead of solid wood. It is more accurate to the industry standard. When I use the term “all wood,” I will be referring to cabinetry with a higher percentage of natural, solid wood. 

For those people that lack the time to read this full article, we’ve decided to provide a quick summary with the heart of the issue. Here is the quick version:  

With that aside, let us elaborate on a few of these points.

Believe it or not, the invention of MDF was an accident that happened to William Mason in 1925. A friend and protégé of Thomas Edison, he was on a mission to find uses for large amounts of left over wood. One night, he forgot to shut down his equipment after leaving his workshop. The next morning, he discovered a thin, durable sheet made of recycled wood chips. 

Yes, medium density fiberboard (or MDF) is an eco friendly building material crafted from recycled wood fibers, resin, and wax. The manufacturing process is simple and produces a truly versatile material that is easy to handle. You can find it in everything from miniature cities to sound proofing for music studios. It is a sustainable, environmentally friendly, popular building material that is safe to use.  

Critics of the engineered material talk about formaldehyde emissions. Did you know, though, that MDF has less formaldehyde than most supermarket vegetables? In fact, today’s manufacturing standards has ensured that high quality MDF has low emissions that dissipate over time.  

There are strict guidelines that cabinetmakers follow to be compliant with US Law. In fact, the US Environmental Protection Agency issued a national rule for labeling products compliant with formaldehyde emissions standards that took effect in June 2018. Now, most brand name cabinets come with “Carb2 Compliant” somewhere on their products or website.

When shopping for cabinets, you can see the certifications of each brand name under “Certifications” for a door style. Check out further reading to learn more.

Let us discuss the pros of purchasing MDF for your space:  

One of the primary advantages of MDF is its cost-effectiveness. As it is manufactured from recycled wood fibers, MDF is typically more economical than all wood, making it an attractive option for budget-conscious homeowners. Additionally, its sustainable nature contributes to a reduced environmental footprint, aligning with eco-friendly practices. 

Unlike all wood, which can exhibit knots, grains, and imperfections, MDF boasts a smooth and consistent surface. This uniform texture makes it an ideal canvas for paint applications, allowing for a flawless finish without the need for extensive sanding or preparation.  

MDF is renowned for its dimensional stability, meaning it is less susceptible to warping, cracking, or expansion due to changes in temperature and humidity. This characteristic makes MDF cabinetry a reliable choice, particularly in environments with fluctuating climatic conditions. 

Between the two building options, MDF is more water-resistant than all wood. It also absorbs sound, which is why we see it used in sound proofing for music studios.

The homogeneous nature of MDF allows for intricate designs and detailed carvings, enabling greater versatility in cabinet styling. From sleek, contemporary lines to ornate, traditional patterns, MDF offers a blank canvas for creativity. Check out these MDF creations:

The surface is easy enough to work with that creative people have found a variety of uses for it. Child friendly model kits made of MDF are readily available on marketplaces like Amazon and Etsy because it doesn’t require much preparations.

Now that we have discussed the upsides to MDF, let us cover the downsides of the material:

While MDF exhibits resistance to humidity fluctuations, it is not entirely impervious to moisture. Prolonged exposure to water or high humidity levels can cause swelling, de-lamination, or damage to MDF cabinetry. Therefore, it is essential to take precautions in areas with high moisture levels, such as bathrooms or kitchens. 

Always read the care instructions for your cabinets. Besides wiping up spills immediately, some cabinetmakers recommend a gentle soap and a damp cloth for cleaning. Avoid surface build up by using products meant for MDF items. Make sure your space is properly ventilated, too.  

Most people would naturally assume MDF to be a lightweight material. However, MDF is actually much denser and heavier than all wood. The weight differential may impact shipping rates with certain brands. Since our cabinets are not full MDF construction, there should be no impact on installation or delivery. However, we always recommend a two-person lift when moving or installing our cabinets.  

Due to its composite nature, MDF will not hold normal screws as solidly as wood. In fact, you may end up with a crack without the proper materials and technique. The thickness of MDF impacts how you would work with it, too.  

Always do your research prior to working on MDF. Some cabinetmakers will include instructions on their website on how to care for and repair their cabinets.  

The weight capacity of MDF will depend on how thick the sheet is. Thicker material will hold more weight, but it also costs more to make. Most items constructed with MDF have a weight capacity that homeowners should follow. When MDF approaches its weight limit, it will visibly sag at the stress point. 

Wood, a timeless and traditional material, has been a staple in cabinetry for centuries. Derived from natural lumber, All wood offers a unique charm and character that resonates with homeowners seeking an authentic and organic aesthetic. 

There is a measure of beauty to natural wood that is unmatched. Here are some advantages to all wood cabinets that you should consider:

One of the most compelling advantages of all wood is its inherent beauty and character. Each piece is unique, showcasing natural grain patterns, knots, and variations that lend an organic and warm ambiance to any space. This natural charm is difficult to replicate with engineered materials. 

All wood is renowned for its exceptional durability and longevity. When properly maintained and cared for, all wood cabinetry can withstand the test of time, potentially lasting for generations. This durability not only enhances the investment value but also contributes to a reduced environmental impact by minimizing the need for frequent replacements. 

All wood offers a versatile canvas for various finishes, including stains, varnishes, and lacquers. These finishes can accentuate the natural beauty of the wood grain to create truly stunning looks.  

Investing in all wood cabinetry can potentially enhance the perceived value of a home. Home buyers often recognize the quality and timeless appeal of all wood, making it a sought-after feature in the real estate market. 

Cabinetry made from all wood will come with limitations. You will want to weight these limitations carefully to make an informed decision about your cabinetry purchases.

One of the primary limitations of all wood is its higher cost compared to MDF. The sourcing, processing, and manufacturing of all wood can be more labor-intensive and resource-intensive, resulting in a higher price point. 

All wood is susceptible to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and exposure to sunlight. These factors can cause the wood to warp or discolor over time, potentially compromising its structural integrity and aesthetic appeal.

Understanding how this cabinetry will hold up in your space is a priority. For example, an outdoor kitchen should have cabinets that are made to handle the elements. Exposing cabinets that were not meant for an outdoor kitchen will shorten the life of your cabinets considerably. Following the care instructions for your cabinetry is important to keep them looking new.

In certain regions or climates, solid wood cabinetry may be vulnerable to insect infestations, such as termites or woodworms. Regular inspections and preventative measures may be necessary to protect it from such threats. 

To keep their shine and luster, these cabinets require routine maintenance. If you live a busy lifestyle, it could be hard to handle. The care routine maintains the aesthetic appeal and structural integrity of the cabinets. Remember to read the care and maintenance instructions for your cabinetry to determine if you’re able to follow them. 

When deciding between MDF and all wood for your cabinetry needs, several factors should be taken into consideration: 

If cost is a primary concern, MDF may be the more budget-friendly option. However, it’s important to weigh the initial cost savings against the potential long-term maintenance and replacement costs associated with each material. 

If you prioritize a sleek, contemporary aesthetic with a flawless finish, MDF may be the preferred choice. Conversely, if you value the warmth and character of natural wood grain, all wood may better align with your design preferences. 

If sustainability and environmental impact are important factors in your decision-making process, MDF’s recycled nature and reduced carbon footprint make it a more eco-friendly choice. However, all wood, when sourced responsibly, can also be a sustainable option. 

If you plan to sell your home in the future, all wood cabinetry may be more appealing to potential buyers and contribute to a higher perceived value. However, if you prioritize short-term cost savings over long-term investment, MDF may be a suitable alternative. 

Regardless of your choice between MDF vs solid wood cabinets, proper maintenance and care are essential to ensure the longevity and aesthetic appeal of your cabinetry. 

To maintain MDF, it’s crucial to protect it from moisture and humidity. Avoid exposing MDF to standing water or excessive moisture, as this can lead to swelling or de-lamination. Make sure to follow the care instructions closely.

All wood requires regular cleaning, polishing, and occasional refinishing to maintain its natural beauty. Protect it from direct sunlight, which can cause discoloration or warping. Additionally, monitor for signs of insect infestations and address any issues promptly. Avoid stains by cleaning up spills promptly.  

Ultimately, the decision between MDF vs all wood comes down to your specific needs, preferences, and priorities. MDF offers affordability, uniformity, and design versatility, while all wood exudes natural beauty, durability, and timeless appeal. 

By carefully weighing the factors outlined in this guide, you can make an informed choice that aligns with your budget, aesthetic preferences, functional requirements, and long-term goals. Whether you opt for the engineered convenience of MDF or the organic charm of solid wood, the right material selection can elevate the aesthetic and functionality of your cabinetry, transforming your living spaces into a harmonious reflection of your personal style. 

Our experts at Waverly Cabinets are always happy to help you make an informed decision. If you have questions or concerns, please reach out to us by calling 570-693-0285 or sending an email to sales@waverlycabinets.com.